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Concept:
In simple explanation- it’s a migration of data from the old
business systems to ERP-SAP system and LSMW is the process or Concept in SAP.
Let's think you are working in a company, where you are
using an Internal tool(not SAP) and when the business is growing management
decided to use SAP for better reporting data and functionality and now we can’t
create all the old data to SAP manually, because it’s a time taking process. We
have a method in SAP(LSMW), if we are migrating to SAP then we request the old data
in one excel and we will consolidate the data(required fields to enter SAP) and
we run the program to copy all the old data to SAP, once the program runs new
data will be created in SAP with all the old fields values.
This procedure helps in saving time, money and energy. This
process should be done by SAP functional consultant and it may take 2-3 weeks’
time for migrating the data because of consolidation and approvals.
Here we have 4 methods for the migration, we can use
anything depends on simple and complexity and here are the four types.
Most of the companies they would like to prefer the Batch
recording method because we cam record and execute as per our requirements and
whereas for Material master and few concepts in middle of the creation process “Pop-Ups
will come to maintain” (As we get for Material master-Basic data, Purchasing
and accounting- we will be selecting
manually) in this cases companies prefer Direct input method because we will be
entering the all field names manually in the LSMW.
BAPI and IDOC will be used with the help of ABAPer and some
coding part will be there.
So, we are discussing only on 1 and 2 methods here.
1. Direct
input method
2. Batch
Recording
3. BAPI-
Business Application programming interface
4. IDOC-Intermediate
Document
1)Direct Input method:
This is the method where we will input all the field names
manually and upload the file to enter the data.
Many of the companies will prefer Direct input method for
material master, where we have popup or selection of user departments in MM01,
so indirect input method we can mention the name of the filed by taking from
MM50 like Complimentary status K, E, B(Without Space- if you are selecting
Basic data, purchasing and accounting).
We will prefer the Direct input method for the Material
master.
Steps for the process:
1)Maintain Object attributes:
Here were we should update the Object and method.
The object specifies- what type of data you are entering or
migrating into SAP from legacy and here please select the Material master.
Method: it specifies the method that should be running for
the program.
Here we have only 1 -0000
Program type and program name will have appeared
automatically when we select the method, once everything is done then save.
2) Maintain source structure:
We need to create the source structure in the 2nd step so
that we can assign source fields for that source structures and proceed further
with data.
This is the base for the next step to create a source
structure.
3)Maintain Source Fields:
This is the main step in the process for the whole
migration, this is the data where we are uploading into SAP, we are giving the
fields those are required to maintain the material master it means we want the
data from legacy data, we will send all these fields to buyers and they will
fill the data and sent back to us, so that we can work on the data.
We need to see what are the mandatory fields that we need to
collect from legacy data and process further.
Maintain cursor on the source structure, which is created
and click on table maintenance, so that the screen will appear to enter the
data.
Here maintain all bulk data, which means all tabs that we
want to maintain in SAP for material master.
Eg: MATNR C 18 Material
MBRSH C 1
Industry Sector
MTART C 4
Material Type
VPSTA C 15 Complimentary Main status
MAKTX C 15 Material Description
MEINS C 3
Base UOM
MATKL C 9
Material group
Here we are entering field name and type of Character-C and
field length
These details we can find in the SE11 table name MARA or
related field names and we can select F1-Technical Specification and can see
the table name and field name.
Maintain all the field names, length and character then save
the screen.
4)maintain structure relations:
Here we can find many structure relation, it explains for
this field this is the structure relation- to go in-depth- if we are updating
basic data fields then maintain structure relations contain one structure with
that data description, so that there is a program updated for that field. We
need to assign to the related structures and save the screen.
5) Maintain field mapping and conversion rules:
Here we have to do field mapping, where we entered the
source fields and for this source fields there will be mapping- it means based
on the structure relations we selected the data will fetch accordingly in field
mapping and we need to check and assign the same field to source field.
If the value or T-code is constant then select the filed
name and click on constant, so that the system will always take T-code what is
given in constant for all the values.
If we are giving any individual number or data, then we need
to place the cursor on the field name and select the source filed and maintain
the source filed and follow the same process for all the field names.
6)Maintain field values and transactions:
It will be assigned automatically and no need to do
anything.
7)Specify files:
We need to specify the files here, as we maintained the
source fields in 3rd step now we need to maintain the excel form and update the
tracker with field description like with data whatever the materials we need to
upload- that data needs to be filled in the excel form.
Now whatever the data maintained in excel needs to
copy-paste in notepad, because SAP can’t read excel- so it needs to be uploaded
in notepad.
Here we have 2 steps that need to be followed here- one is
space in notepad needs to be read with tabulator- select the tabulator in the
popup while uploading.
Filed names at the start of the file: here we are updating d
with the headline and if we select this field then the system will not read the
first line and from 2nd line, it will read.
Upload the file and save it.
8)Assign Files:
The file will be assigned automatically, so save the screen.
9)Read data
Here the data in excel will be read by the system and whole
tabs will read and saved on the screen.
10)The display read data:
Here we can see the data what system has been read and we
can check by double-clicking on the filed name.
11)Convert data
we entered the data and uploaded the data and now it is
needed to be converted for that system has maintained with the program, the data
which is read in notepad will be converted to SAP language automatically when
we run this step.
12)Display Convert data:
we can check the converted data by double-clicking the filed
shown there, we can check whether all fields are coming are anything missing
out.
13)Start Direct input program:
Here we are running the program to upload the data to SAP.
We need to select the file -using physical file name-system
will take automatically and just needs to select the option.
Lock mode E, while data is uploading screen will get locked
and we cannot enter manually, select the option and carry on updating the data.
Now the upload has been completed and needs to check the
data is migrated successfully or not.
Go to MM60 and check the materials uploaded correctly or
not.
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